V IMME - Abstracts Book

Abstracts book

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ISSN (On Line): 2539-1885

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Abstracts

ADOPTING MODELS AND PRACTICES FROM THE COMPUTER SCIENCE AND SOFTWARE INDUSTRY TO IMPROVE RESEARCH

MERIÑO LENIS MAURICIO ¹,
¹ Tianjin Internacional Joint Academy of Biomedicine,

Email: encuentromatematicas@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: This research work describes the importance of various applications of computer science, as well as practices and trends in the software industry that have had in the strengthening of research progress, as well as in personal and professional growth. The purpose of the presentation of this research topic is to awaken a great interest in the development of software for research purposes as well as to create a space for dialogue that allows the transfer of knowledge and the exchange of experiences.

Topic: Computer Science

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON THE CONCEPT OF THE SMART UNIVERSITY

RICO-BAUTISTA DEWAR ¹, RICO-BAUTISTA NOLFER ², MEDINA-CÁRDENAS YURLEY ³, MARTÍNEZ TORO GABRIEL MAURICIO ⁴, ROMERO-RIAÑO EFRÉN ⁵,
¹ UFPS Ocaña, ² UFPS Ocaña, ³ UFPS Ocaña, ⁴ UNAB, ⁵ UIS,

Email: efren.romero@saber.uis.edu.co

Abstract: Universities may be considered smart universities, as they use the available technologies cost-effectively to improve their performance. The Smart University concept aims to improve the quality of life of its community by applying IT in a global, intensive, and sustainable way. Intelligent University is an emerging concept, so until now little attention has been given to the quantitative description of the evolution of this fast-evolving research field. This paper contributes to furthering the analysis of traditional citations and uses VOS VIEWER to pinpoint and display the intellectual structure, relationships, patterns, and dynamics of smart university research in the scientific literature retrieved from the WOS database. The study uses citation analysis to detect and visualize the disciplinary contributions, keyword networks and journal cocitation networks, highly cited references, as well as highly cited authors to identify intellectual turning points and emerging trends.

Topic: Computer Science

CHARACTERIZATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ACCESS CONTROL PROTOTYPE IN PLACES WITH HIGH POPULATION DYNAMICS.

NIÑO RONDÓN CARLOS VICENTE ¹, CASTRO CASADIEGO SERGIO ALEXANDER ², DUARTE PARADA DUVAR MAURICIO ³, BERMON MENESES LUIS ALEXIS ⁴, QUINTERO AYALA SERGIO IVAN ⁵,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ None, ⁴ UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER, ⁵ UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER,

Email: sergioivanqa@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Access control systems allow or restrict the entry of persons into certain areas. Their operation is based on the validation of the person's identification in a database with information on those authorized to enter the area. Among the technologies used for the implementation of access control systems are RFID technology, facial recognition, iris recognition and fingerprint biometrics. This research analyzes the considerations for the implementation of a prototype based on low frequency RFID technology as an access control system in places with high population dynamics. The experimentation is carried out in the municipal mayor's office of Bochalema, Norte de Santander. The implementation requires an initial characterization of both the context and the physical environment. In the context characterization, aspects such as the number of people to enter and their classification according to the administrative departments of the mayor's office are investigated. In addition, for the physical characterization, factors such as the location of the antennas and RFID readers are taken into consideration so that they can be read and validated, taking into account that the system operates at low frequency. The access control system is based on high-level and low-cost tools, such as the Raspberry Pi embedded board and the Arduino microcontroller board, and the programming is done in Python programming languages and adaptations to C++. In addition, the information is hosted and validated in a MySQL database. The mayor's office of the municipality of Bochalema is a governmental entity with a high population dynamics that due to the pandemic has decreased the flow to 75 people daily on average. Likewise, the tests were carried out with 5 offices of the municipal palace. The RFID reader allows a distance with the identification tags of up to 10 centimeters and generates readings in an average time of 0.1 seconds from identification to validation with the database. The context characterization, as well as the physics, allowed the design of the system based on high-level and low-cost hardware tools, in addition to programming languages based on open source. Likewise, the proposed system is replicable for different areas that require access control systems in controlled environments.

Topic: Computer Science

FEATURE ENHANCEMENT IN BRAIN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS USING DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

NIÑO RONDÓN CARLOS VICENTE ¹, CASTRO CASADIEGO SERGIO ALEXANDER ², MEDINA DELGADO BYRON ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: byronmedina@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Digital image processing corresponds to the set of procedures that are applied to digitized images in order to improve the characteristics for obtaining information. In the medical field, processing techniques allow the issuance of diagnoses, treatments and analysis of the evolution of patients over time. Brain CT scans are one of the most relevant examinations in computer-assisted diagnosis processes, in which X-ray equipment is used to evaluate lesions, pain, aneurysm symptoms, effusions, tumors, etc. In the present research, a method based on image processing is proposed for the enhancement of features in head CT images from the CancerImagingArchive dataset in its Brain section. The processing is based on blurring and smoothing filtering processes, filters based on set operations and adaptive thresholding processes. The image processing is performed on a personal computer in Python programming language and an average processing time of 0.45 seconds was obtained, as a functional feature for a computer-aided diagnostic process. The developed method, in addition to improving the characteristics and quality of the image, selects the areas of possible interest for the specialist, so it is presented as an alternative tool to facilitate the stages of diagnosis, treatment and evolution of patients.

Topic: Computer Science

ASSESSMENT OF BIRTH WEIGHT IN A CATTLE HERD FROM NORTE DE SANTANDER, COLOMBIA

VERGEL ORTEGA MAWENCY ¹, RINCÓN LEAL OLGA LUCY ², VILLAMIZAR PINZÓN NURY ³, VILLAMIZAR LILIANA ⁴,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Francisco de Paula Santander, ⁴ SERVICIO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAJE-CEDRUM,

Email: lilianavillamizar06@gmail.com

Abstract: This article describes the bovine meat production system and the importance of the birth weight character as an indicator of growth in the herds dedicated to raising and fattening cattle for slaughter; The objective of this research was to evaluate the (PN), birth weight of six groups of mestizo calves from the bovine herd of the agricultural ranch La Ceiba Ltda. Located in the rural area of Cúcuta- north of Santander, Colombia, which corresponds to an agro-ecological zone of tropical humid forest, with an average height of 80 meters above sea level. For the execution of this research, a correlational level study and field design were designed with a population of 2994 cattle of the breeds that make up the herd of Hacienda Agropecuaria La Ceiba Ltda., In Norte de Santander in Colombia. The research was developed in four phases, in phase 1: The theoretical foundations of the study were established and the approach to the object of study was carried out, phase 2: Collection of specific data of the variables: race, sex, times, PN, by means of the Kardex and Livestock Software TP, 3rd phase: the statistical procedures of ANOVA were applied, normality test, homogeneity test through the Levene test, Post Hoc test by the Tukey method and 4th phase results: The prevalence of PN, was from 26 to 34Kg and from 35K to 43Kg; The Individual Effect of the (GR), Racial Group, Sex and Season (rain and Drought) on the NP, presents differences with greater and lesser significance in the weighings by season, race and sex. In which the individual effects determined are: the effect at birth of female and breed exceeded the other sexes and breeds with 36.22Kg and in the same way the rainy season effect surpassed with 36.31 Kg., The other breeds of the herd in drought; The Joint Effect GR, Sex and Season (rain and Drought) on the NP in the p-value weights tests are significantly different for all the breeds evaluated, thus determining that the Gyr breed obtained the best weight in the herd. mentioned; Regarding the Post Hoc Test by the Tukey method, the bovines of this same breed with the highest weight obtained compared to the others; According to this, it can be concluded that the type of breed does influence the weight of the herd, therefore, for the case study, the Gyr breed is the one that obtained the best PN compared to the others, being the one conducive to obtaining better yields. in the herds of the tropics with similar agroecological characteristics.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

CONSTRUCTION OF AN AMUSEMENT PARK USING STEAM AND LEGO EDUCATION TO PARTICIPATE IN THE SCIENCE FAIR

RICO-BAUTISTA DEWAR ¹, RICO-BAUTISTA NOLFER ², ARÉVALO-PÉREZ NAYIBE ³,
¹ UFPS Ocaña, ² UFPS Ocaña, ³ SENA,

Email: nayi1312@hotmail.com

Abstract: This article explains details of the participation in the Science Fair that took place in the 2019 school year by some seventh-grade students from Colegio Isidro Caballero Delgado. This event is a space established by the institution, which takes place once a year with the purpose of showing different projects and experiments carried out by students from each of the school grades. The seventh-grade students for their participation took as their theme an Amusement Park; with this theme they built different prototypes that resemble mechanical attractions using LEGO Education cards and applying STEAM. The aim is to explain different themes seen in the Mathematics course during the year in a playful and amusing way to the participating public through the operation of each of these prototypes. The structure of the document contains a first section, the introduction in which the context of the educational institution, the development of the science fair and the use of LEGO Education cards for the 2019 version are addressed; a section II where the Methodology and the applied strategy are detailed; in section III the results obtained are mentioned; and finally in section IV the conclusions and possible recommendations are presented.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. ONE YEAR LATER ON UNIVERSITY LIFE

USCATEGUI MILDREN ¹,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: mildrenuscategui@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Last year around this time, concepts like “lockdowns,” “mandatory use of masks,” and “social distancing” were unfamiliar to most of us. Today they are part of our regular vocabulary as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect all aspects of our lives. Over the past 12 months, the pandemic has hit the poor and vulnerable the hardest and could push millions more into poverty. The effects of COVID-19 on education could last for decades, causing not only short-term learning loss but also reducing long-term economic opportunities for this generation of students. Due to learning losses and increased dropout rates. In a context in which economic conditions force families to make difficult decisions about their expenses, concerns about school dropout rates have increased. Secondary and tertiary education students "will not return to the system because this is going to generate a major economic crisis, so that families may not have resources, or some (students) will be forced to work." Others who were previously on the verge of dropping out of school will be more likely to do so due to the pandemic. To mitigate these losses and try to sustain learning during the crisis, countries are exploring distance learning options, and the results have been mixed. In many places, a key obstacle is the lack of affordable, high-quality broadband internet access. On the other hand, the new realities of telecommuting, temporary unemployment, homeschooling, and lack of physical contact with family, friends, and colleagues take time to get used to. Adapting to these changes in lifestyle and dealing with the fear of contracting COVID-19 and concern for the most vulnerable close people is difficult and can be especially hard for people with or triggering mental health disorders. The true magnitude of the pandemic will only be known in the next few years, as we collect and analyze the data.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

MATEMCHESS: DIDACTIC SUITCASE FOR TEACHING EQUATIONS, FRACTIONS AND MATHEMATICAL LOGIC USING THE CHESS GAME AS A TOOL

PINZON CARRILLO EDGAR MARIO ¹, RINCÓN LEAL OLGA LUCY ²,
¹ universidad francisco de paula santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: olgarincon@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The present didactic research is focused on the didactics of teaching mathematics with chess resources and arises from the need to train students to create knowledge based on the information existing in the environment that surrounds us, taking the system as a path to follow constructivist by Jean Piaget and more specifically in the meaningful learning of David Ausubel, therefore this didactic proposal is based on the construction of didactic material to create logical sequences of thought based on games, and thus in this way teach Mathematics while students They play and have fun, without forgetting the fundamental principle of education that is to form useful citizens to society with critical thinking and theoretical bases that allow them to solve a diverse number of problems of daily order and individually and in groups, in the second instance this proposal seeks to encourage and publicize chess as a complementary activity to the study gave, formator of sequential logical thought and creator of good mental and playful habits. It is characterized by being an exploratory investigation that seeks to gain more knowledge about mathematical didactics, it begins with a general idea of chess and mathematics and from there identifies learning problems based on future studies.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

MEASUREMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING IN MATHEMATICS

NEIRA NAVARRO TOMAS ALFONSO ¹,
¹ Universidad Diego Portales,

Email: tomasneira@yahoo.com

Abstract: An instrument for measuring critical thinking in first-year students is proposed through the teaching and learning process in calculus course 1 that is taught to students of engineering programs; This measurement process is carried out through national and international literature, workshops with teachers in the area of mathematics, pilot tests and additional adjustments with the purpose of enhancing the critical thinking of first-year students and supporting the proposals for actions to improve the teaching-learning process to achieve meaningful learning.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS - TEACHING FOR THE INCORPORATION OF STRUCTURED MATERIAL IN THE TEACHING OF NATURAL NUMBERS IN FIRST PRIMARY

ARÉVALO DUARTE MAYRA ALEJANDRA ¹, GARCÍA GARCÍA MIGUEL ÁNGEL ², TORRES TELLO ANGELA TATIANA ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: angelatatianatote@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: In the current educational context, given by the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers have found it necessary to implement different strategies that allow complementing and strengthening the training of students. In the case of mathematics, the appropriation of concepts is being reinforced through the incorporation of structured material as a non-traditional strategy that also stimulates mathematical thinking. However, in practice, questions arise that allow us to delve into what characteristics / conditions should both teachers and parents prioritize to guide the learning of mathematics through the use of structured materials? In this sense, this research aims to describe the pedagogical - didactic foundations for the incorporation of structured material in the teaching of natural numbers in first grade. Methodologically, the research is developed from the documentary design through the content analysis method where the following are found as central categories: the understanding process, the internalization process and the execution process. As a result, theoretical affirmations and assumptions are obtained regarding mathematical activity around the consolidation of spaces for interaction, communication, creativity, logical reasoning and capacity for reflection as aspects that are potentiated with the appropriate use of these materials under certain conditions. Finally, it is concluded that the use of structured material promotes mathematical learning in a significant way if the teacher's intervention in accompaniment with the parent is appropriately adjusted through stages of exploration, manipulation and execution by the student to capture their interest, reflect and apply the mathematical concepts learned.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

PERTINENCE OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCIES DEMANDED TO CIVIL ENGINEERING STUDENTS

VERGEL ORTEGA MAWENCY ¹, MARQUEZ PEÑARANDA JORGE FERNANDO ², GALLARDO PÉREZ HENRY DE JESÚS ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: henrygallardo@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Current technological development has facilitated rapid changes in the manner that communities interact globally. The media, the forms of transport and the logistics and infrastructure for work, offer quality and quantity of opportunities unthinkable twenty years ago. Culture, education, and work are constantly adapting to a new dynamic that requires a responsible evaluation of the relevance of vocational training programs. To meet this demand, it is important to study the effect of the trend towards the alternative workforce, the development of artificial intelligence and the consequent automation of processes upon the training needs of professionals. This paper presents a proposal to make the promotion of students more flexible in civil engineering programs. To describe the context of the research, it is useful to recall the message of the fable "The animal School" written by George H. Reavis in the 1940s, which draws attention to the importance of becoming aware of the strengths and weaknesses of the disciple. For this, the identification of the student's natural strengths, the possible genesis of the student's weaknesses, their history and growth context, the current and future opportunities in the field of civil engineering, and the worldwide trends of related programs are considered. The concept of partial promotion is proposed, and the advantages of continuing education and the adaptation of preparatory cycles are highlighted. In addition, in search of maintaining the balance, the disadvantages of the proposal based on the possible future and probable future and their possibilities of adaptation and survival are described.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICS IN THE PROCESSING OF SATELLITE IMAGES FOR GEOPHYSICS

GÁMEZ SOLANO GUILLERMO JESÚS ¹,
¹ CTAC LTDA “Compañía de Tecnologías Avanzadas de Colombia”,

Email: gerencia@ctac.com.co

Abstract: He presentation deals with the application of mathematics and its usefulness for the acquisition of databases, the construction of mathematical models and the algorithms that allow the extraction of important information from satellite images applicable to the hydrocarbon industry, even in early stages. of exploration. In addition, we will see how this knowledge also allows us to determine the composition of the universe and its celestial bodies, including planet earth. With easy-to-understand explanations and examples that make this knowledge accessible to all audiences

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

RELEVANCE OF USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS AND ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE OF QUANTITIES IN THE TRAINING OF CIVIL ENGINEERS

MARQUEZ PEÑARANDA JORGE FERNANDO ¹, CÁCERES RUBIO JOSÉ RAFAEL ², PINEDA RODRÍGUEZ JOSÉ RICARDO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: josericardopr@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Worldwide, a typical civil engineering program focuses in formal, natural, and applied sciences within an environment of ethical and social responsibility. Mathematics and computer sciences are the main formal sciences. The most widely used natural sciences are physics, earth science, and chemistry. On the other hand, a student who begins the professional cycle of the program must develop skills in applied science to solve practical problems. Currently, the applied sciences of civil engineering tend to be grouped into seven areas: Structures, Construction, Geotechnics, Hydraulics, Sanitary, Environmental and Transportation. A fundamental requirement in learning these areas is the skill and aptitude for calculations involved in the solution of practical problems. In particular, the Structures area uses complex processes and concepts that require, among other skills, those related to mathematics and physics. This is linked to the need for an impeccable handling of operations that involve varying precision degrees and relate a high variety of basic and derived quantities to their respective units. This work is based on the identification and classification of the main mistakes that students make related to the handling of quantities, their measurement and their ranges and domains in solving practical problems of structural design. The data used for this research have been obtained identifying and organizing the errors made by students when solving written exams applied in a natural environment. This study was developed continuously during three years at a university in Colombia. The results of this research have been used to propose a procedure for the design and feedback of teaching strategies consistent with the evaluation objectives of each course.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE VICTIMS OF MACHUCA AS A BACKGROUND FOR THE DESIGN OF THE CENTER OF HISTORICAL MEMORY

NIÑO OVALLES ANDREA PAOLA ¹, LOZANO CARDENAS FELIX JOAQUIN ², GELVIS VARGAS JOHN JAIRO ³,
¹ UFPS, ² UFPS, ³ UFPS,

Email: johnjairogv@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The historical memory of the victims of Machuca-Antioquia, in the context of the post-conflict after the peace signing in Havana, leads us to try to understand what peace and reconciliation are for them, since in a knowledge they as during their process of mourning and acceptance of their condition as victims, they have been able to reconcile with their perpetrators, as they have done to move forward, taking into account adversity, because they are still in that region and they are tools of peace within their communities this phenomenon that entails broad challenges in the social and educational field, in addition to understanding inclusion from different aspects such as gender, race, sex, ethnicities and minorities, to vulnerable populations, diversity of thought and those with cognitive differences. This paper presents the results of a study whose purpose was to characterize the social history of the victims of machuca as a precedent for the design of the historical memory center. For this purpose, the theoretical postulates of Arendt (1970) and GMH Historical Memory (2013) about the victims and their context of the victimizing event were taken into account through their reality through their experiences, in addition to Morin (1996) the pedagogical strategies of which they were used to carry out the characterization of the victims in a more profound way, in which victims of Machuca-Antioquia, masters of pedagogical practice and the Autopista del Norte participated. The research showed that during this thesis, we wanted to contribute to the processes of forgiveness and reconciliation from the academy, organize the lived events of our interviewees, try to return their suffering and the loss of their loved ones in historical memory, from the depths of their problems and although they feel that these people are still part of their life day after day, even though they are no longer there, we wanted from the academy through the Francisco de Paula Santander University and try to work under the pedagogy and the chair of peace. to the communities of Machuca, because not only their massacre is a tragic event, but it is the representation of life, because their stories are for no more repetitions and that the armed groups perceive the life of the most humble communities, from memory family members have tried to build the story of a friend, relative, loved one, thus trying to recreate important aspects of the fateful day of the people who died in the machuca massacre, and over time we have tried to see how these communities take the concept of forgiveness and reconciliation, a part of these have already forgiven their victimizers, but the idea is that they can heal through these academic spaces the loss of their family members. Another aspect that we want to highlight is that since most of the people who worked are women from the northeast of Antioquia, this means that it is from the historically most violent part of Antioquia, where the authority does not have the capacity to protect the citizens, the foot strength is not enough, but they are people who historically, although due to the massacre they have remained in the territory, deeply believe that the country can change in favor of everyone, through games and activities we were able to break the ice so that they could speak of a dynamic and simple way, referring to an animal or object we were able to advance and help in the mourning part, giving it alternatives for changes through pedagogy, pedagogical praxis in these cases deals with pedagogical tools to make the participants open their feelings and try to reconcile with the perpetrators through this workshop, positively remind those family members, the management of part The national and municipal government is to organize a houses for the historical memory of Machuca. What is taken out of this allows citizens directly and deeply in this scourge, to have the respect and dignity that their loved ones deserve and tell things that nobody knows about that family member, how they were, what they did and what their dreams and hopes were.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

THE RUBRIC AS AN ASSESSMENT STRATEGY IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS

VERGEL ORTEGA MAWENCY ¹, RINCÓN LEAL OLGA LUCY ², SALAZAR TORRES JUAN PABLO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Simon Bolívar,

Email: j.salazar@unisimonbolivar.edu.co

Abstract: Within the general processes in the teaching of mathematics, there is training in problem solving and posing. Currently, authors such as Polya propose the didactic problem-solving strategy to strengthen the teaching and learning processes in this field. Thus, the article proposes an evaluation strategy based on the design of a rubric to assess the processes associated with solving mathematical problems, as a classroom research work based on Research, Pedagogical Action. As one of the results, an analytical rubric composed of criteria and indicators associated with the steps of the Polya problem solving is proposed, as well as a techno-pedagogical reflection for the online design of analytical rubrics.

Topic: Education mathematics for science and engineering

ACTIVE LEARNING AND DISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE: READINGS FROM THE CLASSROOM WORK IN THE PHYSICS SUBJECT

HERNÁNDEZ SUÁREZ CÉSAR AUGUSTO ¹, PRADA NUÑEZ RAÚL ², GAMBOA SUÁREZ AUDIN ALOISO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: audingamboa@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: This research article shows the findings of a study that sought to demonstrate the results of a methodological intervention implemented in classes of an eleventh grade course in the area of Physics, of a public school in the city of Cúcuta - Colombia. The intervention consisted of applying some active learning strategies accompanied by methodological tools such as collaborative work in order to measure the impact of the intervention on the level of disciplinary knowledge of students with a pretest and posttest. The results show a significant increase with a value of 0.49 at the end of the intervention, which suggests that the study participants improved their level of conceptual appropriation of the disciplinary content after the application of active learning strategies.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

APPLICATIONS OF LINEAR ALGEBRA TO THE STUDY OF THE EQUATIONS OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION.

AFANADOR GARCÍA NELSON ¹, GUERRERO GOMEZ GUSTAVO ², NOLASCO SERNA CRISTIAN ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander seccional Ocaña, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander seccional Ocaña, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander seccional Ocaña,

Email: cnolascos@ufpso.edu.co

Abstract: It is claimed that most of the fundamental principles governing physical phenomena of interest in engineering applications can be described by differential equations. Therefore, the ability to analyze, solve and understand differential equations is fundamental for decision making in applied areas. In this sense, studying efficient methods for solving differential equations is a fundamental contribution in advancing the understanding of physical models relevant to engineering applications. The purpose of this research was to study a set of differential equations related to the physical phenomenon of electric current conduction in a solid metal. First, the solution of the differential equation that models the physical phenomenon of conduction without convection is calculated by using linear algebra; then the physical phenomenon is studied by integrating the convection effect and its solution is studied by means of the matrices. Given the nature of the research, the solutions of the differential equations are compared with the analytical solutions and the results are compared.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

DETECTION OF WATER LEAKS WITH DOWSING TECHNIQUE AND REYNOLDS TRANSPORT THEOREM

PÉREZ CARRASCAL KEVEN STEVENS ¹,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: kevenstevensks@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Zahorí techniques are traditionally used to detect water currents in land for subsequent extraction. On the other hand, water leaks represent economic losses in factories and residences. It is enough to survey a city and determine the exaggerated number of residential leaks. Once the leak appears, a corrective action must be taken, this action is founded in itself and in the problems derived from this failure; and it is that knowing the exact location of a leak is risky if strictly collateral damage appears in the property. This research proposes to complement two different techniques, the first detects the presence of water based on the Dowsing search, and the second uses the Reynolds Transport Theorem to detect the leak relying on numerical methods and computational simulation. The Dowsing search proved to be reliable to detect the presence of water, the Reynolds Transport Theorem, yields the location of the leak with an average relative error of 10.7% and the computational simulation corroborates Darcy's Law. Therefore, the method proposed in this investigation is sufficient for the corrective management of leaks.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE DETECTION OF FAILURES IN DIESEL ENGINES THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF ALGORITHMS BASED ON RULES

ORJUELA ABRIL MARTHA SOFIA ¹, PRADA BOTIA GAUDY CAROLINA ², PABÓN LEÓN JHON ANTUNY ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: jhonantuny@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Preventing and identifying diesel engine failure is vitally important to ensuring proper operation and maintaining proper performance. Due to this situation, the present research proposes the development of a fault diagnosis methodology through the use of algorithms based on rules and network models, such as Back Propagation neural networks (BPNNs) and Bayesian networks (BNs). Signal processing is done by removing noise from the threshold. The results obtained show that the developed methodology allows the proper diagnosis of different engine failures, under a wide range of rotational speed conditions. In all, the identification of six engine failure conditions was achieved. Additionally, the results show the fault diagnosis using the BPNNs presents better results compared to the BNs. In general, the proposed methodology can be adapted to different types of diesel engines.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

ENERGY REQUIRED TO TRANSFER HEAT THROUGH THE RADIANT FLOOR OF A PIG NURSERY MODULE

FLOREZ EDER ¹, ESPINEL BLANCO EDWIN ², PEREZ TORRADO WILSON ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de paula Santander Ocaña, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Seccional Ocaña,

Email: waperezt@ufpso.edu.co

Abstract: In the present work, the principle of underfloor heating used to maintain the temperature condition inside a pig nursery module is applied. The studied system uses gas generated in a biodigester to heat water that flows through the surface of the floor and transfers heat to the interior of the module where the piglets are located. The necessary thermal load is determined based on thermodynamic analysis considering the space where the pigs are as the control volume, which presents energy losses due to temperature difference with the outside through pairs and roof, in addition to those originated By renewal of air, in the same way, the heat losses during the flow of hot water through the pipes caused by convection between the pipe and the floor and by conduction in each of these materials are determined. The water flow and temperature required in the supply line are determined to transfer adequate heat to the interior and maintain the 33m² space at the desired temperature according to the life stage of the piglets.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

ESTIMATION OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER PRESSURE IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE USING ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS AND HILBERT TRANSFORM.

ORJUELA ABRIL MARTHA SOFIA ¹, PABÓN LEÓN JHON ANTUNY ², ROJAS SUÁREZ JHAN PIERO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: jhanpierorojas@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Combustion pressure is normally measured by means of pressure transducers, which allows the condition of the engine to be monitored. However, the high cost of this type of sensor prevents it from being used on a recurring basis in commercial applications. Due to the above, this study proposes an alternative for the indirect measurement of combustion pressure by means of acoustic emissions. For this, a methodology based on the Hilbert transform and the complex cepstrum process is developed, combined with a neural network for the reconstruction of the pressure signal. The results show that the implemented methodology allows estimating the engine pressure signal by means of acoustic emissions, regardless of modifications in engine conditions, caused by variations in rotation speed, load and type of fuel. The information provided by the reconstructed signal makes it possible to determine key parameters such as maximum pressure, rates of increase and indicated effective mean pressure. The analysis of the error in the pressure estimates shows that it remains below 9%. In general, the proposed methodology is considered a suitable way to determine the combustion pressure in different engine conditions by means of acoustic signals.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE FOR THE TEACHING OF PHYSICS: AN ANALYSIS IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Email: audingamboa@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: This research article shows the findings of a study that attempted to implement the Integration of Knowledge educational model in 11th grade students of the technical average in the area of physics of a public educational institution in the city of Cúcuta, Colombia. The educational model and its theoretical foundation are described. At a methodological level, a quasi-experimental model was applied. The achievement of learning is reported by means of the normalized gain or modified Hake factor, and the results of partial exams are taken into account, implementing a system of continuous and formative evaluation. Comparative results are presented between the experimental and control groups. It was found that the experimental group showed better achievement and academic performance. On the contrary, in each evaluation period the control group not only the achievement and academic performance was lower than that of the experimental group, but they decreased throughout the period. This suggests that the application of the Integration of knowledge for the teaching of physics continuous improvement of learning.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

METHODOLOGY FOR THE MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF ATTENUATION AND DISPERSION IN FIBER USING A COMPUTATIONAL TOOL

PUERTO KARLA ¹, GALVIS VELANDIA JORGE ELIECER ², RAMIREZ MATEUS JHON JAIRO ³,
¹ UFPS, ² UFPS, ³ UFPS,

Email: jhonjairorm@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a graphical user interface (GUI) that allows to mathematically analyze the linear effects of attenuation and dispersion present in the optical fiber from a mathematical analysis, which consists of the initial modeling of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE), considering the phenomenon of attenuation as a function of the length of the optical fiber link, the group velocity dispersion (GVD for Group Velocity Delay) and the third order dispersion (TOD for Third Order Dispersion). For the solution of the project, a light pulse modeled as a Gaussian pulse in the time domain under the effect of an input chirp factor produced by the optical transmitter is assumed as the incident signal at the initial end. Subsequently, the optical fiber is modeled as a transfer function in the angular frequency domain to obtain the output function in the fiber in the time and angular frequency domain by applying Fourier Transform and the convolution theorem. With the mathematical analysis, the graphical interface is built using a specialized programming environment accepted by the scientific community and the analytical model is tested by simulating a typical optical communications scenario that allows visualizing the modeled effects on the output optical signal in the time domain and in the frequency domain, allowing understanding the transmission process of digital signals modulated by laser and obtaining the numerical and graphical values that allow evaluating the signal transmitted in optical fiber.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

METHODOLOGY TO DETERMINE THE MAXIMUM POTENTIAL FOR JOB AUTOMATION. PORT CASE

NEIRA NAVARRO RICARDO ¹,
¹ Academia Industria 4.0,

Email: ricardo.neira@ai40.cl

Abstract: Smart ports not only require technological development related to their logistics and production processes but also require progress in the requalification of port workers, agents of vital importance for digital transformation. In this context, an ad-hoc methodology for port automation was created, which is explained below. The maximum potential methodology for the automation of the port case, developed by GlobalVAS, was based on the Frey and Osborne methodology [1], performing the analysis through the evaluation of the 43 port trades carried out by 20 experts from different subjects relevant to the case in point: 6 professionals from the port industry, 7 computer science researchers and 7 disruptive technology innovators. For this, the experts were asked to determine the maximum automation potential of the 43 jobs that currently exist in the ports, the descriptions of which were extracted from the database created by Chile Valora. The methodology used was based on the application of the following question: "Do you think that the aforementioned trades will be automated in the next 10 years?" (Yes = 1 / No = 0), designed to analyze the degree to which the nature of trades will change due to technology. It must be taken into account, however, that the answers do not necessarily reflect the risk of occupations completely replaced by technologies, given that there are other variables to consider, but they do establish a maximum potential for automation that allows us to anticipate economic changes, social and cultural product of the implantation of technology. [1] C Benedikt Frey, M Osborne 2013 The Future of Employment: how susceptible are jobs to computerization? (United Kingdom: Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment)

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL SKILLS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN THE SUBJECT OF PHYSICS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.

RINCÓN LEAL OLGA LUCY ¹, JARAMILLO BENITEZ JANZ ELIAS ², RINCÓN LEAL JAIME FERNANDO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER, ³ UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER,

Email: JAIMEFERNANDORLEA@UFPS.EDU.CO

Abstract: The objective of the research is to identify the relationship between social skills and academic performance of students in the undergraduate program in Mathematics enrolled in the subjects of Physics II and III, at the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, the study is under the positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach, The study is under a positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design and correlational scope, with a sample of 29 students aged 17 to 30 years, with 19 female students and 10 male students, with socioeconomic stratum 1 and 2, the Goldstein rating scale questionnaire was used with a cronbach's alpha of 0.92. 92, by means of the google form tool, the analysis of the information was done with the statistical software SPSS V 23, the result showed that the level of social skills in general was 73.35 and the academic average was 3.6, therefore, there is a positive correlation of 0.717 which shows that there is a correlation between the two variables investigated.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

USE OF MATHEMATICS IN THE PREPARATION OF A DESSERT BASED ON HOMEMADE YOGURT.

SÁNCHEZ KENNETH ¹,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: Kennethdavidsg@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: As we are clear, mathematics is omnipresent in our world, we can use it to obtain relevant information on a specific topic, find relationships between different components of our daily lives, we used it in the past to get many of the appliances that we have today, it is used in nuclear plants to be able to analyze the factors influencing the production of the energy that will be used to power the dwellings of a population, in physics, in the administration and even in the kitchen. You may wonder, how can mathematics enter the subject in a remarkable way in the kitchen? To what Throughout this document, I will present one of the reasons that I consider important for the development of dishes that will later delight our stomachs and our brains.

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied

ON THE EFFECT OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT IN THE OUTCOME OF BACTERIAL PROGRESSION WITHIN THE HOST

IBARGUEN MONDRAGON EDUARDO ¹, ESTEVA LOURDES ², VERGEL ORTEGA MAWENCY ³,
¹ Universidad de Nariño, ² Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: mawencyvergel@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: Antibiotics are the medications most prescribed by doctors to treat bacterial infections. However, their misuse has generated an emergency of bacterial resistance that threatens to become a global epidemic. In this paper, we formulate an optimal control problem considering antibiotic treatment and immune response as control variables. Specifically, we formulate a system of ordinary differential equations that describes the interaction dynamics between populations of plasmids, sensitive and resistant bacteria to antibiotics. The model predicts scenarios in which the infection is cleared, or the infection progresses only with resistant bacteria or with both bacterial populations. To reduce the population of sensitive and resistant bacteria for a fixed time, we minimize a quadratic performace index subject to the state equations. The results suggest that the combination of both strategies is a good option to control the bacterial progression and to minimize cost

Topic: Physics-mathematics applied to medicine

ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE MAIN VARIABLES INVOLVED IN THE BEEHIVE OVEN PRODUCTION PROCESS.

MEDINA DELGADO BYRON ¹, PALACIOS ALVARADO WLAMYR ², MENDOZA LIZCANO SONIA MARITZA ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: soniamaritza@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: At the moment of predicting a model for the concentration of contaminants, the variables and the causal relationships must be specified, among them are the dependent ones; this being the object of the investigation, that is, the variable to be explained, and the independent ones, or the elements susceptible of being explained, that is, the variables that can be manipulated and the intervening ones; being the variables functionally linked to the dependent and independent variables that produce an effect in the existing relationship between these variables. Therefore, the present research aims to analyze the behavior of the main variables involved in the beehive oven production process. The methodology used is of the exploratory descriptive type, the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) technique was used, this procedure was carried out using SPSS software version 24.0. The EFA provides the factorial structure to be assessed in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) through the application of structural equation models (SEM), in this phase programs were run in several softwares, mainly in AMOS V24.0 and LISREL V8.81. As a result, the capacity and production variables are practically identical, which leads to a high correlation and consequently and undesired multicollinearity between the variables, so the suggestion is to omit one of these and consider the production variable in exchange for capacity. On the other hand, the sulfur percentage variable (PorAzu) correlates inversely with most of the variables and its saturation is not clear, so it is theoretically considered as a latent variable of the SO2 indicator.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL TOOLS FOR PROCESS CONTROL IN THE CERAMIC INDUSTRY.

VARGAS MANTILLA CESAR ORLANDO ¹, PALACIOS ALVARADO WLAMYR ², MENDOZA LIZCANO SONIA MARITZA ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: soniamaritza@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The department of Norte de Santander is characterized by having as mineral wealth abundant clay deposits, specifically in the municipalities of Cúcuta, Villa del Rosario, Los Patios, El Zulia and San Cayetano; a situation that historically has contributed to the productive development of the region, with the elaboration mostly of materials destined for the construction industry. According to the Chamber of Commerce of Cúcuta (2018), out of an estimated 44,000 private companies duly formed; it is the ceramic industry that constitutes one of the most important subsectors, being 21% of the manufacturing sector, it also paid 37% of wages, produced 38% of employment and contributed 12.8% to the GDP. (National Administrative Department of Statistics, 2017). These companies in the manufacturing sector in the development of their different productive stages, face various situations, sometimes imposed by the increase in competitiveness caused in recent years, market demands or oversupply and at other times by the same repetitive sequences of manufacturing where the customary nature of the same leads to carelessness in production methods. Situations that in one way or another affect the quality of the processes and for obvious reasons in a collateral way the quality of the products. Faced with this problematic situation, almost inevitable, it is necessary that within the organization and the personnel involved in the different production processes, methodologies aimed at the identification, characterization, evaluation, categorization and analysis of losses are designed; which subsequently generate elements of judgment aimed at the development of proposals for continuous improvement over time with the historical generation as a solid foundation of the industrial gear. Being in this scenario, where the statistical tools and systems successfully implemented in other industrial sectors at a global level take great relevance. The choice of the method to be developed should really be based on the criteria of the company itself in the ceramic sector, taking into account the productive stages that make up its process (exploitation, preparation, forming, drying, decorating, firing and selection and packaging), various situations such as resources, available and qualified personnel and the desire to solve their difficulties; but regardless of the method, it should be easy to use, simple to understand, versatile in application and generate relevant information and directed to achievable results. Starting initially from the organization's own needs, it is necessary to detect in the macro system the processes, mechanisms, materials or organizational maneuvers that are causing problems in productivity; and then take this phase or "conflict" stage and proceed to generate the identification of variables of greater influence; measure and analyze them, with the use of statistical tools and thus be able to demonstrate stability and capacity behaviors of the processes, to know the behavioral development of the same and propose improvement projects that have as main objective to minimize to the maximum expression the problems detected.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

COMPARISON OF ALLOMETRIC EQUATIONS FOR AERIAL BIOMASS ESTIMATION

CARREÑO ROMERO ALURA GINET ¹, MORA ALVAREZ DANIELA ALEJANDRA ², SERPA JIMÉNEZ ALEJANDRA MARÍA ³,
¹ aluraginetcr@ufps.edu.co, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ alejandramariaserpa@ufps.edu.co,

Email: alejandramariaserpa@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: In the present work, 861 arboreal individuals belonging to 31 different specimens located at the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Cúcuta, were analyzed in order to compare the total aerial biomasses of each species. For this purpose, the climatological characteristics are considered in order to determine the life zone according to Holdridge, of which Cúcuta belongs to the tropical dry forest and very dry tropical forest. The biomass is calculated based on allometric equations proposed in the Protocol for the national and subnational estimation of biomass and carbon in Colombia issued by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales). The allometric equations take into account the parameters diameter at breast height, total height and wood density of each individual. Finally, it was concluded that from the data obtained, 15 species presented a high dispersion, which means that their results are not reliable.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHMS APPLIED TO LIMIT STATE FUNCTIONS

Email: cnolascos@ufpso.edu.co

Abstract: In structural projects, one of the main objectives is to ensure that the system operates within the established specifications with a maximum level of safety and taking into account the economic constraints of the project. The risks to which a structure is subjected are called failure probability and are assessed by applying structural reliability analysis methods. The objective of structural reliability analysis is to ensure that the strength of the elements of the structure is greater than the imposed strength demand over its service life. Structural design variables are physical quantities in structural reliability and are considered random, and can be represented in a random vector. The failure probability of a structure is obtained from the evaluation of the uncertainties inherent to the project variables, through the probability distributions of the random variables. The probability of failure is calculated by establishing functional relationships between the project's random variables and the output variable, through the performance function. The objective of this work was the application of the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) to evaluate the probability of failure in limit state functions found in the literature using numerical simulation, in order to decrease the sample size for each random variable compared to those needed using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). This research showed that the difference between sample size using MCS and PCE can in some cases be at least 10%, saving time and computational effort.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

FACTORS AFFECTING THE EMOTIONS OF PHYSICS TEACHERS

VERGEL ORTEGA MAWENCY ¹, ROJAS SUÁREZ JHAN PIERO ², GALLARDO PÉREZ HENRY DE JESÚS ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: henrygallardo@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The research follows a quantitative, explanatory, correlational, quasi-experimental and multilevel analysis approach that analyzes the variability among teachers within each institution (level 1) and among several institutions (level 2), whose initial hypothesis establishes that physics teachers from the same institution have similar competencies and emotions with respect to those who belong to other institutions. The objective of the research is to identify emotions in physics teachers and their determining factors. The sample consisted of 90 physics teachers, applying a structured instrument with 10 items on a nominal scale to measure personal variables and emotions and 20 items on a Likert scale to analyze competencies. It was found that there are significant differences between the personnel according to the institutions with respect to competencies and emotions, because the intraclass correlation coefficient of the null model prevents the fulfillment of the hypothesis of independence. Consequently, physics teachers from the same institution have similar competencies and emotion management compared to those from another educational institution; predictor variables of the levels were incorporated: educational institution, social factors, cultural factors and academic factors of the physics teacher and their interrelation. The research estimates a multilevel model of emotions adequate to describe the relationship between the predictor variables, activities aimed at teaching and fostering learning environments that develop competencies in physics in high school students to promote meaningful learning and strengthen the institutional strategy based on the management of emotions of physics teachers.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

MATHEMATICAL MODEL ON THE TRANSMITTER MOSQUITO DYNAMICS EXPOSED TO INCETICIDE IN VECTOR BORNE DISEASES

IBARGUEN MONDRAGON EDUARDO ¹, GÓMEZ HERNÁNDEZ ENITH AMANDA ², SALAZAR JURADO EDWIN HERNANDO ³,
¹ Universidad de Nariño, ² Universidad Católica del Maule, ³ Universidad Católica del Maule,

Email: edwin.salazar@alu.ucm.cl

Abstract: Vector-borne diseases generate serious consequences worldwide. World Health Organization report that around 80% world population are at risk, being the diseases transmitted by mosquitoes those that contribute the most to the burden of vector-borne diseases. Mosquitoes mainly include three genera, Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex. Some of the pathogens are malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and Nile fever. One of the strategies to control mosquito-borne diseases since the 1940s has been the use of insecticides; these fumigation programs were initially successful. However, the evolution of resistance jeopardizes efforts to control vector-borne epidemics. To deal with the resistance problem, genetic factors can be considered. In particular, mosquitoes have variable genetics, within which there are some individuals who are more resistant due to their genetic makeup, and there are others who are more susceptible. When a population is constantly exposed to an insecticide, susceptible individuals are eliminated and resistant individuals increase their allelic frequency within the population. Therefore, resistance is the selection of a heritable trait in a mosquito population that causes the repeated failure of an insecticide to achieve the appropriate level of control. Since resistant mosquitoes have a better chance to reproduce, then the frequency of susceptible genes decreases. Therefore, the treatment reduces its effectiveness in the offspring population since the expression of specific genes has been selected to eliminate susceptible individuals.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

PREDICTIVE MODEL OF POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION IN BEEHIVE OVENS.

Email: soniamaritza@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: It is of vital importance to provide companies with tools to help them measure pollutant emissions from their stationary sources in a less costly and uncertain way, given the lack of technologies in the region, so that they have relevant information to help them make decisions to mitigate the polluting effects, not only to comply with a legal standard, but also because of environmental and management commitment. Therefore, the objective of this research is to design a predictive model of the concentration of pollutants in the beehive kilns based on the production variables in the companies of the ceramic sector located in the municipality of El Zulia, Norte de Santander, Colombia. For the development of this research, an exploratory descriptive methodology was used, where the analysis of reports on beehive kilns and fourteen (14) variables of continuous quantitative nature were considered, through the statistical technique of multiple regression to analyze the predictive behavior of the variables of pollutant concentration. As a result, the predictive capacity of the resulting model was high, explaining 79% of the total variation of the variable. The multiple correlation coefficient of the complete model was 0.79. During the analysis of the model assumptions, the Durbin Watson score reached a value of 1.971, evidencing compliance with the assumption of independence of the errors.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF WASTEWATER MONITORING FOR THE ESTIMATION OF THE MAXIMUM PEAKING FACTOR: CÚCUTA, COLOMBIA.

CELY CALIXTO NELSON JAVIER ¹, BONILLA GRANADOS CARLOS ALEXIS ², CÁRDENAS GUTIÉRREZ JAVIER ALFONSO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander - UFPS, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ javieralfonsocg@ufps.edu.co,

Email: javieralfonsocg@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The design of sanitary sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants requires knowledge of the maximum peaking factor (F). This is obtained by the ratio of the maximum peaking flow and the average discharge flow of wastewater generated in a system. The determination of F involves the development of field studies, where the monitoring and modeling of wastewater discharges of the study population are performed. The characteristics and volume of wastewater discharges depend on each population or discharge source, so there are typically variations over time in the flow rate. Also, the hydraulic design of the sewerage system may depend on the different climatic scenarios that occur in the area. Therefore, the flow rate should be considered as a random variable from a statistical point of view. The estimation of ‘F’ allows to quantify the variability present in wastewater flow rates and to calculate the maximum hourly flow rate, which is the basis for establishing the design flow rate for each of the sections of a sanitary sewer network. The objective of the project was to estimate the maximum peaking factor by monitoring wastewater flow through statistical analysis in an urban sector of the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. This urban sector represents 45.6% of the sanitary sewerage of the city. Within the sector are located communes 1, 2, 5, 7, and 9 of the city of San José de Cúcuta and correspond to an approximate area of 2745 hectares. The wastewater flow was monitored on-site to establish the hourly variation over a period corresponding to 52 days with measurements taken every 15 minutes. The information was processed and analyzed using R statistical software, version 3.5.0. The statistical methodology used included the following stages: adjustment of the random variables to a probability distribution; adjustment tests; and construction of a linear regression model. The results indicate that, from the lined regression model, 95% confidence intervals can be constructed for the value of the conditional mean of F through a predicted given value of the average daily flow E (F / QMD). The point estimator of F is the value calculated by the regression model and to construct the confidence interval, an inferential statistical theory was used. The stochastic modeling of the random variables maximum daily flow and maximum peaking factor indicates that these variables conform to the Log-Gamma probability distribution (log-Pearson Type III). For the study and operation of the city's sewerage system, this knowledge can be very useful in the prediction of extreme events based on return periods; the extreme event is understood as a value of the random variable (maximum daily flow) that exceeds a previously established limit value and return period as the average of the random variable time that elapses between the occurrence of two extreme events.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

STUDY OF THE MODIFIED WEIBULL FUNCTION FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS IN ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

FLOREZ EDER ¹, ESPINEL BLANCO EDWIN ², ARÉVALO RUEDA JOSE HUMBERTO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de paula Santander Ocaña, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Seccional Ocaña,

Email: jharevalor@ufpso.edu.co

Abstract: The reliability, maintainability and availability of equipment are maintenance indicators that are determined based on the useful times of the equipment and non-operating times, through different methodologies, some use point calculations of averages and other statistical distributions. Among the main distributions used in these studies are: the exponential, Log Normal, Weibull, Gamma, Poisson, Hasting and Rayleigh. The most accepted distribution, even with military and naval applications, is that of Weibull (Catalan, 2007). In this work, a study of the proposed models on the Weibull function was carried out to analyze reliability in engineering elements and components that are repairable and are subject to maintenance activities. Two models representing the modified Weibull function with two parameters were studied, a transmuted Weibull model and a modified Weibull model with failure rate function that fits the Davies curve. The characteristics, the physical interpretation, the applications and the feasibility to use each model in analysis of reliability, maintainability and availability of repairable elements in engineering are presented.

Topic: Mathematics and statistics

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF WATER QUALITY ON THE MAGDALENA RIVER IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BARRANCABERMEJA, COLOMBIA

CELY CALIXTO NELSON JAVIER ¹, BONILLA GRANADOS CARLOS ALEXIS ², CARRILLO SOTO GUSTAVO ADOLFO ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander - UFPS, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: gustavocarrillo@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The growth of cities and industrial production implies an increase in pressure on surface water bodies, which are used as a source of water or as receivers of wastewater discharges. This negatively affects the quality of water resources, making it necessary to implement strategies for sustainable use. For the control and management of water quality, mathematical models are often used to understand the variations in the water quality of the receiving body associated with the liquid discharge. Therefore, for this study, the mathematical model "River and Stream Water Quality Model - QUAL2K" was applied to simulate water quality on the Magdalena River in the municipality of Barrancabermeja. The simulation of water quality allows knowing the impact generated by the pollutant loads of the liquid waste discharges of the municipality. The application of the model for the simulation was realized through integration of the QUAL2K software, one-dimensional, developed by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States (EPA). For data input, there was a base of climatological records available at the Galán (23157070) and Barrancabermeja-AU (23157030) stations of the “Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales – IDEAM”, between the years 1977 and 2015. The data were used to make estimates of minimum, average and maximum flows, in return periods of 25, 50 and 100 years, using the Normal, Pearson, Log Normal and Log Pearson distribution functions, and the Kolmogorov´s goodness-of-fit test. The hydraulic parameters of the river (roughness coefficient, width, slope, among others), used in the simulation using the mathematical model, were obtained from the records of the local company that provides drinking water and sewage services in the municipality (Aguas de Barrancabermeja S.A. E.S.P). The water quality parameters defined for the simulation corresponded to Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). From the results of the Kolmogorov test, it was found that the normal distribution is the best fit for the estimation of the minimum and maximum flows at the return periods of 25, 50 and 100 years. The maximum flows range between 7355.9 m3/s and 7936.1 m3/s and the minimum flows between 643.3 m3/s and 407.7 m3/s respectively. Regarding water discharge, we worked with the maximum instantaneous flow for the year 2038, estimated at 2.56 m3/s. Regarding the dispersion of water quality parameters, the BOD5 at the discharge point for the minimum flows reaches values similar to those recorded at the source before discharge (27.8 mg/L). The spatial-temporal behavior shows a decrease in the BOD5 concentration along 6 km, possibly due to the fact that the value of the source flow is 159.2 times greater than the discharge of liquid waste from the municipality. Also, in the simulation, there is an increase in the DO downstream of the discharge point from 5.10 mg/L to 7.66 mg/L over a distance of 6 km. This research allowed the use of mathematical modeling as a tool to represent the quality of the Magdalena River in the section that passes through the municipality of Barrancabermeja, in terms of BOD5 and DO parameters. The QUAL2K mathematical model was able to simulate the dispersion of water quality parameters, showing that at present the Magdalena River in the study section tends to be purified at the same discharge point.

Topic: Modeling, simulation, and diagnostics

PRACTICAL WORK IN TRADITIONAL AND VIRTUAL PHYSICS LABORATORIES

PAREDES GILBERTO ¹,
¹ Universidad Nacional Experimental del Tachira,

Email: gilbpar@gmail.com

Abstract: The Laboratory, as a teaching space, represents a means to achieve certain objectives that are not possible to achieve through theoretical classes. The use of real equipment represented for many decades the only means for teaching, both in scientific and technological disciplines. Nowadays, with the advent of information and technology technologies, the practical work carried out in the so-called traditional laboratories can be carried out in a new space, called the virtual physics laboratory. Some investigations carried out to quantitatively measure the effects of the laboratory as a means of teaching physics have shown no significant effects for this purpose. In this sense, experts in the teaching of physics have pointed out several criticisms about what, and what objectives could be achieved in the laboratory. In this work, we make a brief description of traditional laboratories and the objectives that are intended to be achieved through them. With the intention of showing the effectiveness of virtual laboratories as a means for teaching the main topics studied in the theory, we have intentionally selected two Practices that are carried out in any course of the mechanics and electromagnetism physics laboratory, using simulators. The Physics Education Technology at the University of Colorado. However, on the Internet, you can find a great variety of free software for teaching the main contents studied in physics laboratories, the University of Colorado being an adoption.

Topic: Modeling, simulation, and diagnostics

REUTILIZATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE FROM NORTE DE SANTANDER AS INSULATING ADDITIVES IN TRADITIONAL MASONRY PRODUCTS MADE OF FIRED CLAY

COLMENARES URIBE ANDREA PAOLA ¹, SANCHEZ MOLINA JORGE ², DIAZ FUENTES CARMEN XIOMARA ³,
¹ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, ² Universidad Francisco de Paula de Santander, ³ Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander,

Email: carmenxiomaradf@ufps.edu.co

Abstract: The reutilization of agro-industrial waste in the manufacture of fired clay products is a sustainable strategy that aims at the circular economy. The most known waste in Norte de Santander, Colombia, are coffee husk and rice husk. For this reason, this research studies the thermal impact of their insulating properties in traditional masonry products made of fired clay to be considered as insulating additives. The methodology involves the simulation of heat transfer and heat fluxes of the multiperforated brick and H10 block manufactured in mixtures of 100% clay and 95% clay and 5% additive to wastes in North Santander, Colombia, in the software ANSYS under the finite element method in extreme conditions of San José de Cúcuta. The results demonstrate that the residues of rice husk and coffee husk act as insulating technological nutrients with a reduction of temperatures of the interior surfaces of the products between 0.22 °C and 0.88 °C, respectively. The reutilization of residual raw materials from alternate construction industries is a sustainable consideration to evaluate new possibilities for the manufacture of products with less embedded energy and, therefore, with a lower carbon footprint than traditional fired clay products.

Topic: Modeling, simulation, and diagnostics

ORIGAMI AND MATHEMATICS

NIÑO BERNAL JAIME ENRIQUE ¹,
¹ Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia,

Email: jaime.nino@uptc.edu.co

Abstract: The value of origami as a tool in the classroom has been recognized in various parts of the world. In mathematics class the folding of the paper is used to help students relate geometric shapes with the environment, this instrument allows to analyze geometric properties in a dynamic and clear way, in turn, it serves to enhance the different cognitive dimensions of the human being, motivates students towards the study of mathematics and is a complement to many classroom activities at all academic levels. It is important to clarify that the main objective of the use of origami in mathematics classes is to learn to fold paper, it seeks to generate a learning environment that allows addressing mathematical concepts and the development of related skills. This work aims to highlight the relationship between origami and mathematics, and expose a series of activities that can be used in the classroom, also provide participants with a didactic tool for the study of Geometry, especially of polygons and polyhedra, and finally analyze characteristics of the constructions made; Likewise, the activities will be approached from the didactics of mathematics, trying to solve motivational problems in students and improve the learning of mathematics.

Topic: Origame

RECURSIVE ALGORITHMS AND PAPER FOLDING PROPOSED STRUCTURE FOR THE EBOOK INTRODUCTION

AGUIAR REGINI YAMILA LOURDES ¹,
¹ Ministerio de Educación de Buenos Aires,

Email: yamilaregini@gmail.com

Abstract: The historical context of origami is presented, the evolution it has had, and what it means today. Then the methodology and the materials, the tools, the different types of folds will be exposed in order to develop and base the origami to the pedagogical, motor benefits, I am encouraged to say psychological (both in these moments of the pandemic as in others, already which surely favors concentration) ... and more; therefore, I invite you to the wonderful world of folds lines and infinite tessellations of origami, ancient art and wonder with which we will develop step by step.

Topic: Origame